Spine surgery
Questions 1. Does severe cervical stenosis necessitate awake fiberoptic intubation? 2. How is chronic pain managed during major spine surgery? 3. Explain the mechanism by which intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring helps…
Depolarizing neuromuscular blockade
Questions 1. What is the differential diagnosis for a healthy patient whose vital signs are stable but who is not “waking up” after general anesthesia? 2. How is normal neuromuscular…
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade
Questions 1. Describe how nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs produce skeletal muscle relaxation. 2. How do nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs differ from one another? 3. How do potent inhaled anesthetics, local…
Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy
Questions 1. What is acromegaly? 2. What symptoms are typical of acromegaly? 3. How is acromegaly treated? 4. What are the anesthetic considerations for patients with acromegaly? 5. Describe the…
Electroconvulsive therapy
Questions 1. What is electroconvulsive therapy? 2. Do you have enough information to proceed with general anesthesia? 3. Are there any relative or absolute contraindications to electroconvulsive therapy? 4. How…
Carotid endarterectomy
Questions 1. What are indications for carotid endarterectomy? 2. What is the alternative to carotid endarterectomy? 3. What are the most serious perioperative complications associated with carotid endarterectomy? 4. Intraoperatively,…
Intracranial mass, intracranial pressure, venous air embolism, and autoregulation
Questions 1. What is cerebral autoregulation? 2. What factors contribute to increased intracranial pressure? 3. How do anesthetic agents and vasoactive drugs affect cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure? 4….
Intracranial aneurysm
Questions 1. How are patients graded after subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured aneurysm? 2. What are the most serious complications after subarachnoid hemorrhage from aneurysm rupture? 3. What are treatment…
Thoracoscopy
Questions 1. What procedures are performed under video-assisted thoracoscopy? 2. What are the advantages of video-assisted thoracoscopy over traditional thoracotomy? 3. What anesthetic techniques can be used for video-assisted thoracoscopy?…
Coronary artery bypass grafting
Questions 1. What are the major determinants of myocardial oxygen supply and demand? 2. How is coronary artery disease treated, and which medications should be continued perioperatively? 3. What are…
