© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_27 27. Genitourinary Disorders Joseph P. Cravero1, 2   (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital,…

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_26 26. Acid/Base Disturbances Joseph P. Cravero1, 2   (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital,…

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_25 25. Renal Disease Joseph P. Cravero1, 2   (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital,…

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_23 23. Gastrointestinal Disease Joseph P. Cravero1, 2   (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital,…

From Chatterjee [7] 4. The supine and Trendelenburg positions should be avoided or minimized because of the drastic reduction in lung volumes from cephalad displacement of the diaphragm. These positions…

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_22 22. Conjoined Twins Joseph P. Cravero1, 2   (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital,…

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_21 21. Thoracic Surgery Robert S. Holzman1, 2   (1) Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (2) Harvard Medical School,…

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_18 18. Cardiac I James A. DiNardo1, 2   (1) Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA…

FVC = 17 % of predicted   FEV1 = 18 % of predicted   FEV1/FVC = 96 % of predicted   TLC = 64 %   RV = 194 %   RV/TLC = 78 %  …

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Robert S. Holzman, Thomas J. Mancuso, Joseph P. Cravero and James A. DiNardo (eds.)Pediatric Anesthesiology Review10.1007/978-3-319-48448-8_16 16. Ophthalmology Robert S. Holzman1, 2   (1) Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (2) Harvard Medical School, Boston,…