Small intestine Large intestine Proximal Distal Competent ileocecal valve Non-competent ileocecal valve Anorexia Present Variable Variable Variable Vomiting Present: bilious, large quantity, non-malodorous Usually present: feculent/particulate, small volume, foul…
Fig. 7.1 A management algorithm for parapneumonic effusion. Reproduced with permission from Moore et al. [63, Fig. 1], with permission courtesy of Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc After tube placement, vigilant follow-up of…
Organ system Pathophysiologic effects Clinical manifestations Threshold IAP (mmHg) Cardiovascular Decreased preload/venous return Increased afterload Compression of inferior vena cava Decreased cardiac output Increased susceptibility to hypovolemia 10 Pulmonary Increased…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Jose J. Diaz and David T. Efron (eds.)Complications in Acute Care Surgery10.1007/978-3-319-42376-0_24 24. The Relaparotomy in the Delayed (2–3 Week) Postoperative Period Nicole Stassen1 and Michael Rotondo1 (1) Department of Surgery, University…
Technical error Emergency surgery Prolonged operative time Blood loss Use of vasopressors Tension on anastomosis Suture line tension Poor blood supply Steroids Obesity Smoking Advanced age COPD Reoperative surgery Malnutrition…
Pathophysiology Perioperative risk factors Antibiotics Appropriate perioperative antibiosis minimizes microbial burden, which limits inflammatory response and infection risk Blood supply Adequate blood flow is required for delivery of nutrients and…
CD4 count (cell/ml) Opportunistic infection Primary regimen <250 Coccidioidomycosis Fluconazole/itraconazole <200 Pneumocystis pneumonia TMP-SMX Histoplasmosis Amphotericin B <150 H. capsulatum Itraconazole <100 T. gondii encephalitis Pyrimethamine Cryptococcal meningitis Amphotericin B…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Jose J. Diaz and David T. Efron (eds.)Complications in Acute Care Surgery10.1007/978-3-319-42376-0_15 15. Rectum: Management of the Urgent APR and Dissecting the “Frozen” Pelvis Rao R. Ivatury1 (1) Department of Surgery, Virginia…
Fig. 13.1 a CT of patient with pneumatosis intestinalis who underwent a negative exploratory laparotomy. b CT of patient with ischemic bowel from venous outflow obstruction with bowel edema Factors Associated…
Fig. 11.1 Omental patch closure of anterior perforated duodenal ulcer While impossible for the laparoscopic surgeon, the open surgeon has the opportunity to palpate the posterior duodenal wall before performing a…
