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Addressing Host Factors: Overview of Dependence and Addiction
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsOpioidHostDependenceAddictionPseudoaddictionCravingChoiceCompulsionConditioningOperantIncentive sensitizationRewardHedonic toneOpponent processAllostasisLocus of controlBiologic…
Best Practices Education, Part I: Pain Physiology, Psychology, and Alternatives to Opioids
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsOpioidVectorTransmissionBest practicesPainEvidence basedCartesianNociceptionTransductionAδDorsal hornSensitizationWindupModulationPerceptionGate theoryInterneuronNeuromatrixBiopsychosocialPreventionMultimodalSpiritual A…
Opioid Dependence Risk Factors and Risk Assessment
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsOpioidHostMisuseDependenceAddictionOpioid use disorderExposure reductionRisk factorNESARCSubstance use…
Attenuating the Agent: Reducing Opioid “Virulence”
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsAgentPathogenicAntibiotic resistanceVirulenceAntivirulenceOpioidAttenuationMesolimbicNucleus accumbensVentral tegmental areaExtended-releaseLong-actingControlled-releaseSustained-releaseTimed-releaseOxyContinRisk evaluation…
Addressing Host Factors: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Opioid Dependence
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsOpioidOpioid misuseOpioid abuseVulnerabilityDependenceAddictionPrimary preventionSecondary preventionTertiary preventionAgentVectorEnvironmenthostRisk…
Best Practices Education, Part II: Evidence for and Against Opioid Therapy
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsOpioidsPreemptive analgesiaMultimodalChronic postsurgical painChronic non-cancer painNeuropathicVisceralCancerEvidence-based…
Best Practices Education, Part III: Regulatory and Advisory Issues Related to Opioid Therapy for Pain
(1) Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA (2) WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA KeywordsDrug Enforcement AdministrationPractitioner’s manualControlled Substance ActDrug…
Hypermetabolism in Critical Care: The Role of Metabolism Measurement and Its Nutritional Implications
Fig. 12.1 Variation in resting metabolic rate in different types of critical patient. The graph was taken from [9] ∎ Glucose transporters (GLUT) are a group of membrane proteins that…
Assisted Ventilation in the ICU: When and to Whom?
Fig. 7.1 Pressure support ventilation (PSV) algorithm: each patient’s effore troggers the ventilator (yellow arrows). The ventilator assists the spontaneous inspiratory effort with a pre-set constant level of pressure (dotted…
