Abstract Morton’s neuroma is one of the most common pain syndromes affecting the forefoot. It is characterized by tenderness and burning pain in the plantar surface of the forefoot, with…

Abstract Freiberg disease is an often missed clinical diagnosis. The disease may be identified as a result of the characteristic radiographic findings of collapse of the second and, less commonly,…

Abstract Hammer toe is a painful flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joint in which the middle and distal phalanges are flexed down onto the proximal phalange. The second toe…

Abstract Bunion, also known as hallux valgus, is one of the most common causes of foot pain. The term bunion refers to soft tissue swelling over the first metatarsophalangeal joint…

Abstract Posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of the posterior tibial nerve as it passes through the posterior tarsal tunnel. The posterior tarsal tunnel is made up of…

Abstract The onset of Achilles tendinitis is usually acute, occurring after overuse or misuse of the ankle joint. Inciting activities include running with sudden stops and starts, such as when…

Abstract Jumper’s knee is characterized by pain at the inferior or superior pole of the patella. It occurs in up to 20% of jumping athletes at some point in their…

Abstract Trochanteric bursitis is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Patients suffering from trochanteric bursitis frequently complain of pain in the lateral hip that radiates down the leg and mimics sciatica….

Abstract The onset of Achilles tendon rupture is usually acute, occurring after acute push-off during jumping or sprinting as the result of extreme ankle dorsiflexion. Improper stretching of the gastrocnemius…

Abstract Testicular torsion is a painful urologic emergency caused by twisting of the spermatic cord causing compromise of the blood supply to the affected testis. The extent of torsion is…