Abstract The use of fluoroscopy has revolutionized interventional pain management. Fluoroscopy is required in advanced procedures where precise needle placement is necessary. The increasing use of fluoroscopy necessitates that the…

Abstract Truncal blocks include the paravertebral, intercostal, pectoral nerve, suprascapular, ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric nerve, and transversus abdominis plane blocks. The anatomy involved in these blocks and conventional and ultrasound-guided techniques are…

Abstract Pain syndromes that can be attributed to deep muscles are often caused by mechanical impingement of the muscular tissue upon traversing neurovascular structures. The most common of these disorders…

Abstract Ultrasound guidance for performing interventional pain procedures is a relatively new approach when compared to traditional anatomic-landmark or fluoroscopy-based methods. Ultrasound allows interventionalists to enhance accuracy and safety of…

Abstract Interventional pain procedures and surgeries, while considered minimally invasive, can have serious, life-threatening infectious complications. The risk of infection varies considerably based on the type of procedure and patient…

Abstract Because of the technological evolution and the consequent possibility of electrically stimulating more specific anatomic structures, such as the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), there has been a shift in…

Abstract This chapter explores spinal cord stimulation (SCS) with thorough discussion of mechanisms, patient selection, indications, contraindications, perioperative considerations, equipment, programming, procedure, complications, and cost-effectiveness. Three types of spinal cord…

Abstract Peripheral nerve stimulation has been in existence for 50 years and has evolved over that time. Original designs of electrodes were cumbersome and required surgical open placement. Problems with…

Abstract The American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA) guidelines on interventional pain procedures are more stringent compared to their guidelines on regional anesthesia. This is because of the type of…