Adult Anesthesia in the Radiology Suite
One of the driving forces in the genesis of the field of interventional radiology was its minimally invasive nature. As catheters and stents replaced the physiologically taxing “open” procedure, patients…
Financial and Operational Analysis for Non–Operating Room Anesthesia
Approximately 20,000 medical students take the Hippocratic Oath each year. They vow to spend the next 10 years learning the art and science of medicine, but little do they know…
Pediatric Anesthesia in the Radiology Suite
The pediatric patient population presents unique challenges to its anesthesia providers. These challenges are multiplied when administering an anesthetic in a non-—operating room anesthesia (NORA) location. Evidence indicates that NORA…
Scheduling Anesthesia Services Outside the Operating Room
When requests for anesthesia assistance outside the main operating room first occurred more than a decade ago, they were regarded as nuisance calls and often ignored. The requests were haphazard…
Anesthesia for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies are among the most common non–operating room procedures requiring anesthesia. This chapter reviews considerations and challenges related to anesthesia for upper GI endoscopy procedures. These include esophagogastroduodenoscopy…
Anesthesia for Colonoscopy
History of Anesthesia for Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures Sedation and analgesia are common components to most upper and lower endoscopic procedures. Although diagnostic upper and lower endoscopy can be performed without…
High-Frequency Ventilation for Respiratory Immobilization
As imaging technology improves, it is increasingly possible to perform procedures with noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques that would have once required an operating room. Specialized suites such as cardiac…
Anesthesia for Cardioversion
Direct-current cardioversion is a common cardiological procedure, consisting of delivering an electric shock to the patient’s heart with the goal of restoring normal sinus rhythm. The common indication for the…
Anesthesia for Electrophysiology Procedures
Acknowledgments The authors thank Drs. David Callans, Lee Fleisher, and Sean Kennedy for their comments on a draft of this chapter. In the electrophysiology laboratory, procedures are performed to diagnose…
Anesthesia in the Catheterization Laboratory: Valves and Devices
The treatment of structural heart disease is undergoing a revolution reminiscent of the management of coronary artery disease 30 years ago—the development, evaluation, and application of catheter-based techniques of valve…
