Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Risk • Prevalence: <200,000 cases of porphyria in USA, AIP: 5 to 10 in 100,000 worldwide. • Highest in Northern Europeans. • More commonly manifests in females, typically third to…
Acromegaly
Risk • People within USA: • Prevalence is 40 cases/million; incidence is 3 to 8 new cases/million/y. • Occurs with equal frequency in men and women and most frequently diagnosed…
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Risk • USA incidence of HIV: 50,000 per year • USA prevalence of HIV: 1.2 million • Sub-Saharan Africa prevalence: 25.8 million in 2014 • USA prevalence of AIDS (HIV…
Acidosis, Renal Tubular
Risk • Incidence in USA: Unknown • Present in a variety of disease states, from mild to severe systemic illness Perioperative Risks • Hemodynamic instability (related to arteriolar vasodilation, acidosis,…
Acidosis, Lactic/Metabolic
Risk • Incidence in USA: Unknown • Present in a variety of disease states, from mild to severe systemic illness Perioperative Risks • Hemodynamic instability (due to arteriolar vasodilation and…
Achondroplasia, Dwarfism
Risk • 1 per 15,000 to 40,000 births worldwide • Females ≥ males • No race predilection • Most common type of dwarfism Perioperative Risks • Cervical spine instability •…
Abruptio Placentae
Risk • Occurs in 0.4-1% of pregnancies, and the incidence is increasing, particularly among African Americans. • Associated with the following conditions: preeclampsia, hypertension, chorioamnionitis, cocaine use, alcohol use, trauma,…
Postoperative Cardiovascular Management
Key Points 1. Maintaining oxygen transport and oxygen delivery appropriately to meet the tissue metabolic needs is the goal of postoperative circulatory control. 2. Cardiac function worsens after cardiac surgical…
Postoperative Pain Management for the Cardiac Patient
Key Points 1. Inadequate postoperative analgesia and/or an uninhibited perioperative surgical stress response has the potential to initiate pathophysiologic changes in all major organ systems, which may lead to substantial…
Thoracic Aorta
Key Points 1. Diseases of the thoracic aorta can occasionally be managed with medical treatment and surveillance, whereas others require surgical intervention. Depending on the disease process, some surgeries may…
