Lower Extremity-Blocks of the Lumbar Plexus and Lumbar Plexus Peripheral Nerves Francis V. Salinas KEY POINTS 1. Detailed knowledge of the lumbar plexus, and the osseous and articular innervation of…
Upper Extremity Blocks De Q.H. Tran Joseph M. Neal KEY POINTS 1. For ambulatory surgery, compared to general anesthesia, brachial plexus blocks result in shorter discharge time, improved pain control,…
Intravenous Regional Anesthesia Joseph M. Neal Susan B. McDonald KEY POINTS 1. The use of IVRA has lessened as anesthesiologists have become more proficient with peripheral nerve blocks, which provide…
Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia De Q.H. Tran Julian Aliste KEY POINTS 1. In clinical practice, continuous thoracic and lumbar epidural blocks are routinely used to provide postoperative analgesia for major…
Spinal Anesthesia Francis V. Salinas De Q.H. Tran KEY POINTS 1. Spinal blocks provide a reliable and rapid onset of dense surgical anesthesia. They should be performed below the L2-L3…
Local Anesthetic Pharmacology Francis V. Salinas KEY POINTS 1. Local anesthetics must penetrate through several extraneural connective tissue layers to reach the axonal membrane. 2. Local anesthetics provide anesthesia and…
Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesiology Michael D. Herrick Brian D. Sites KEY POINTS 1. Ultrasound technology allows the intimate imaging of nerves, needle, and surrounding structures. 2. Ultrasound images are generated when…
Premedication, Monitoring, and Multimodal Analgesia Rebecca L. Johnson Michael F. Mulroy KEY POINTS 1. Preoperative optimization of the patient’s perioperative pain management with the use of multimodal analgesia has emerged…
Regional Anesthesia Systems Edward R. Mariano KEY POINTS 1. Health-care is about value, not volume. Every new program or service will be evaluated based on its value contribution. 2. The…
