INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Ultrasound-guided abdominal wall blocks are a recent innovation of the traditional landmark-based techniques of performing abdominal wall field blocks. 1 These blocks include the transverse abdominis…
Print Section Listen A sound knowledge of the basic concepts of musculoskeletal ultrasound is essential to obtain optimal images during ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (USGRA). This chapter briefly summarizes the ultrasound…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Ultrasound has revolutionized the practice of regional anesthesia, particularly peripheral nerve blockade, and it has also been used for central neuraxial blocks (spinal and epidural injections)….
Fractures and Fracture Classification Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Fractures are caused by high-energy forces on bones and may result from blunt or penetrating trauma. Fracture size and shape is…
Urticaria Print Section Listen Clinical Features Urticaria, or hives, are pruritic raised erythematous superficial skin wheals that arise in response to histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and other substances released by stimulated…
The Poisoned Patient: General Approach and Gastrointestinal Decontamination Print Section Listen Clinical Summary The incidence of pediatric poisoning follows a biphasic curve, with 85% to 90% in children age 1…
Thermal Burns Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Extent of injury depends on the amount of heat, the delivery medium (gas, liquid, solid, or vapor), and the duration of contact. Scald…
Proteinuria Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Healthy children normally have protein in their urine, at a rate of protein excretion <4 mg/m2/h or <100 mg/m2/d throughout childhood. The upper limit…
Sickle Cell Anemia with Fever Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Fever in a child with sickle cell disease (SCD) is a medical emergency, because of the possibility of overwhelming Streptococcus…
