Chapter Outline OVERVIEW GASES AROUND THE BODY REDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE Acclimatization Other Effects High-Altitude Illness Gamow Bag Pregnancy and Altitude ANESTHETIC PROBLEMS AND ALTITUDE Pressure Considerations Machine Considerations Vapors and…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW RESPIRATORY RATE Automated Determination of Respiratory Rate Thoracic Impedance and Inductance Electrocardiograph-Based Respiratory Monitoring Other Techniques AIRWAY PRESSURES Principles Overview Sensors Applications Breathing Circuit Low-Pressure Alarms Sensor…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW NONINVASIVE PACING History Electrophysiology Technology Safety Recent Experience In the Operating Room DEFIBRILLATION History Technology Factors that Affect Success Programmed Defibrillators Newer Electrodes Overview Noninvasive temporary pacemakers…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW ELEMENTS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN ANESTHESIA Nature of Risk Associated with Anesthesia Equipment INCIDENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ADVERSE EQUIPMENT EVENTS Sources Incidence Characteristics of Adverse Events Mitigating…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW THERMOREGULATION EFFECTS OF ANESTHESIA MECHANISMS OF INTRAOPERATIVE HEAT LOSS EFFECTS OF MILD HYPOTHERMIA HYPERTHERMIC STATES PERIOPERATIVE TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT TRANSDUCERS AND DEVICES FOR MEASURING TEMPERATURE Mercury Thermometers Thermistors…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW HEMOGLOBIN SATURATION AND OXYGEN TRANSPORT HISTORY OF PULSE OXIMETRY PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING OF PULSE OXIMETRY Spectrophotometry Engineering Principles SOURCES OF ERROR Dyshemoglobins and Intravenous Dyes: Conventional Pulse…
Chapter Outline ANESTHESIA GAS DELIVERY SYSTEM Anesthesia Machine and Workstation Basic Anesthesia Machine Pneumatic Systems Oxygen Supply Sources: Pipelines and Cylinders Cylinder Pressure Regulator OXYGEN SUPPLY TO THE INTERMEDIATE-PRESSURE SYSTEM…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW ANESTHESIA WORKSTATIONS ANESTHESIA INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS EDUCATION Portable Devices Decision Support Simulation COMMUNICATION Modern Communication Devices Computer Interfaces and Networks E-mail Telephone Consultations Social Networking SECURITY CONCLUSIONS…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW TERMS AND DEFINITIONS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES SYSTEMATIC INTERPRETATION OF TIME CAPNOGRAPHY Inspiratory Segment Expiratory Segment Phases and Angles Arterial and End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Gradient CLINICAL APPLICATIONS Maintenance of…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW HISTORY OF BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT Definitions of Blood Pressure Instrumentation and Units of Measure Reference Points Manual (Riva-Rocci) Measurement Technique OSCILLOMETRIC BLOOD PRESSURE DEVICES INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE…
