Abstract Advances in monitoring and specifically in echocardiography have enabled anesthesiologists to use a gold standard technology across various clinical scenarios encountered in neurosurgical anesthesia. Transesophageal echocardiography in the hands…
Abstract Emergence from general anesthesia and tracheal extubation is frequently associated with an intense physiologic and metabolic response. These reactions may lead to homeostasis alterations, especially in patients with comorbidities….
Abstract In this era of technology, available monitoring devices in the operating room are multiplying and becoming less and less invasive. They provide insight into multiple systems physiology and help…
Abstract Drugs used in neuroanesthesia should be able to provide optimal brain conditions for surgery and also help maintain adequate brain tissue perfusion to meet increased regional metabolic demands. The…
Abstract The burden is on the anesthesiologist to provide the neurosurgical patient with measures that will protect the brain from the inevitable injury that occurs during neurosurgery. Brain protection can…
Abstract Preanesthetic evaluation is a process of clinical assessment, risk stratification, and optimization before surgery to reduce the perioperative morbidity and mortality. Most neurosurgical procedures are considered to be moderate-…
Abstract Annually, millions of surgeries are carried out worldwide under general anesthesia. Patients undergoing elective or emergency procedures may have important comorbidities affecting significant functions such as cardiovascular, neurologic, and…
Abstract In this chapter, we present correlative clinical neuroanatomy for neuroanesthetists. This is written with the aim of helping doctors cope with the ever-evolving field of neuroanesthesia while armed with…
Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid is a fluid covering the brain and spinal cord. Initially thought to be present inside the skull with the purpose to reduce the buoyancy of the brain…
Abstract Embryology is a branch of science that is related to the formation, growth, and development of embryo. It deals with the prenatal stage of development beginning from formation of…
