Abstract The widespresad use of opioids to treat chronic nonmalignant pain has resulted in a parallel increase in misuse, abuse, addiction, overdose, and diversion. Because self-reporting is unreliable and clinician…
Abstract Severe, chronic pain refractory to conventional treatments can be extremely challenging to treat. One option for these patients includes intravenous infusions. One option is lidocaine, which works via voltage-gated…
Abstract The interplay of pain, anxiety, and delirium makes the achievement of patient comfort in the critically ill challenging. Assessment of pain, anxiety, and delirium is hence central to the…
Abstract Neuropathic pain is caused by a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. This chapter summarizes the evidence behind the current recommendations for the pharmacotherapy of neuropathic pain,…
Abstract Membrane stabilizers have a growing role in pain management, both acute and chronic. They have been used for many years to treat painful conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia, complex…
Abstract Psychiatric disorders play a critical role in the experience of pain and the development of chronic pain syndromes. About 60% to 80% of patients referred to pain clinics have…
Abstract The prevalence of substance use disorders in patients with chronic pain is higher than in the general population. The causes and onset of substance use disorders have been difficult…
Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the policy and legal environments in which practitioners must function when providing treatment for patients with pain, including when the pain is related…
Abstract A significant proportion of the population lives with chronic pain, and provision of pain relief is an important duty of health care providers. Optimal pain care utilizes many modalities…
Abstract The most commonly prescribed opioids in the United States are formulations containing hydrocodone and acetaminophen. Opioids, such as hydrocodone, oxycodone, and codeine, are combined with nonopioid analgesics including aspirin,…
