Chapter 9 – Carbon Dioxide Transport
Abstract CO2 is produced in the tissues as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. One of the important roles of the circulation is to transport CO2 from the tissues to the…
Chapter 7 – The Lower Airways
Abstract The lower airways can be divided into the larynx and tracheobronchial tree, which is subdivided into the conducting and respiratory zones. Chapter 7 The Lower Airways What are the…
Chapter 4 – The Cell Membrane
Abstract The cell membrane is the lipid bilayer structure that separates the intracellular contents from the extracellular environment. It controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell….
Chapter 6 – The Upper Airways
Abstract The main purpose of the upper respiratory tract is to conduct air from the atmosphere to the lower respiratory tract. However, the upper airways serve a number of additional…
Chapter 1 – General Organisation of the Body
Abstract Physiology is the study of the functions of the body, its organs and the cells of which they are composed. It is often said that physiology concerns itself with…
Chapter 5 – Enzymes
Abstract Enzymes are biological catalysts whose function is to increase the rate of metabolic reactions. Chapter 5 Enzymes Enzymes are biological catalysts whose function is to increase the rate of…
Chapter 3 – Genetics
Abstract In 2003, the completion of the Human Genome Project resulted in the sequencing of every human gene and subsequently heralded the ‘age of the genome’. Whilst the knowledge of…
Chapter 2 – Cell Components and Function
Abstract Whilst each cell has specialist functions, there are many structural features common to all (Figure 2.1). Each cell has three main parts. Chapter 2 Cell Components and Function Describe…
Chapter 17 – Orthopedic Emergencies
Chapter 17 Orthopedic Emergencies Sergey Kunkov , James A. Meltzer , and Katherine J. Chou Back Pain In contrast to adults, back pain is a relatively uncommon complaint in children….
Chapter 24 – Sedation and Analgesia
Chapter 24 Sedation and Analgesia Sandra J. Cunningham , Katherine J. Chou , and Robert M. Kennedy Overview The recognition, assessment, and management of pain in children can be challenging,…
