Metabolic Acidosis and Metabolic Alkalosis Robert M. Black Normal Acid–Base Physiology Acidemia and alkalemia denote, respectively, blood pHs below or above the normal value of 7.40. A simple (single) acid–base…
Severe Upper Airway Infections Stephen J. Krinzman Sunil Rajan Richard S. Irwin The components of the upper airway include the nose, mouth, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. It communicates with the…
Sleep Issues in the Intensive Care Unit Setting Kim L. Goring Nancy A. Collop Overview of Normal Sleep Adequate quantity and quality of sleep is necessary for normal physiologic function….
Lung Biopsy Scott E. Kopec Richard S. Irwin Lung biopsy is indicated whenever it is necessary to obtain a definitive diagnosis of a localized or diffuse pulmonary disease, usually after…
Acute Infectious Pneumonia Veronica Brito Michael S. Niederman Pneumonia is a common community- and hospital-acquired infection that is managed in the intensive care unit (ICU) when it leads to acute…
Disorders of Temperature Control Part II: Hyperthermia M. Kathryn Steiner Frederick J. Curley Richard S. Irwin This chapter reviews the pathobiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of four major…
Disorders of Temperature Control Part I: Hypothermia M. Kathryn Steiner Frederick J. Curley Richard S. Irwin This chapter reviews the normal physiology of temperature regulation and the major hypothermic syndromes….
Acute Inhalation Injury David J. Prezant Dorsett D. Smith Lawrence C. Mohr Jr Overview Chemicals with potential toxicity are regularly used and produced in a variety of industrial processes. If…
Gas Embolism Syndromes: Venous Gas Emboli, Arterial Gas Emboli, and Decompression Sickness Mark M. Wilson The gas embolism syndromes are known to occur in many different settings and may result…
Respiratory Adjunct Therapy Scott E. Kopec Richard S. Irwin Various adjunct therapies are available to aid in the management of critically ill patients with existing or anticipated pulmonary dysfunction. In…
