Abstract The physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum periods are profound. In addition, the fetus presents a unique component of the circulatory and metabolic systems that…
Chapter Outline Liver Anatomy Blood Supply Liver Function Storage Filtering and Cleansing Metabolism of Nutrients Synthesis of Coagulation Factors Bile Secretion Bilirubin and Jaundice Liver Regeneration Portal Hypertension Hepatic Drug…
Abstract The field of surgical and critical care nutrition has evolved beyond the basic provision of macronutrients to sustain metabolism into a discipline that treats and modifies disease states with…
Abstract Prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) remains a high priority, particularly as the number of surgical procedures performed continues to increase. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is cost-effective in reducing SSI….
Abstract This chapter reviews the basic and clinical pharmacology of intravenous opioids in the context of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine. Unique features of commonly used opioids are discussed and the…
Abstract Dysfunction of the complex physiologic processes of the endocrine systems can lead to significant and potentially life-threatening problems. Administration of exogenous hormones or drugs that mimic or antagonize hormonal…
Abstract One of the main functions of the liver is to protect the organism against intoxication. The endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells contains enzymes that protect the organism against an…
Abstract This chapter reviews the normal physiology of the five major endocrine organs relevant to anesthesiology: the pituitary gland, parathyroid glands, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pancreas. Disturbances in endocrine…
Abstract Local anesthetics are a group of structurally related compounds which share as principal mechanism of action the blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels, resulting in reversible interruption of nerve signal…
Abstract This chapter describes the control systems and mechanisms of air movement into and out of the lungs to allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to exchange with blood. Emphasis is…
