Trauma Procedures in the Emergency Department
Trauma Procedures in the Emergency Department Rahim Valani MD, CCFP-EM, FRCPC, PG Dip Med Ed INTRAOSSEOUS (IO) ACCESS1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (FIG. 21-1) Immediate and urgent vascular access…
Transport of the Pediatric Trauma Patient
Transport of the Pediatric Trauma Patient Adam Cheng MD, FRCPC (Ped EM), FAAP BACKGROUND Critically ill children have better outcomes when treated in pediatric trauma centers and tertiary pediatric intensive…
Nonaccidental Trauma
Nonaccidental Trauma Michelle Shouldice MD, FRCPC EPIDEMIOLOGY A survey of over 10,000 Canadian adults indicated that 10% of adults experienced severe physical abuse during childhood.1 Eleven percent of women and…
Injury Prevention
Injury Prevention Safe Kids Canada EPIDEMIOLOGY In Canada, the leading cause of death for children is unintentional injury (Figs. 20-1 and 20-2). Falls Babies fall off beds or out of…
Pain Management and Sedation
Pain Management and Sedation Rahim Valani MD, CCFP-EM, FRCPC, PG Dip Med Ed ANATOMY OF PAIN1 Pain is a neuro-biochemical phenomenon. Nociceptors from the periphery transduce stimuli into neural impulses…
Drowning and Submersion Injuries
Drowning and Submersion Injuries Adam Cheng MD, FRCPC (Ped EM), FAAP DEFINITIONS Drowning: respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in a liquid.1 Survival is not considered in the definition. The…
Electrical Injury
Electrical Injury Amina Lalani MD, FRCPC EPIDEMIOLOGY1,2 Electrical injuries cause over 500 deaths per year in the United States. Electrical burns account for 2% to 3% of burns assessed in…
Smoke Inhalation
Smoke Inhalation Sanjay V. Mehta MD, MEd, FRCPC, FAAP, FACEP EPIDEMIOLOGY Most life-threatening burns are from house fires, followed by ignition of non-flameretardant clothes. Of fire-related deaths in children, 82%…
Pediatric Thermal Injury
Pediatric Thermal Injury Laura Snell MD Howard Clarke MD, PhD, FRCS, FAAP, FACS EPIDEMIOLOGY 50% of all burns are in the pediatric population. 70% of pediatric burns are caused by…
Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Injuries
Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Injuries Andrew Jea MD James M. Drake BSE, MBBCh, iMSc, FRCSC, FACS EPIDEMIOLOGY Spinal cord injury (SCI) in children is uncommon. Children account for only 0.65%…
