Anesthesia Key

Figure 12.1. Brachial plexus overview: The ventral roots of the fifth cervical through the first thoracic spinal nerves form the brachial plexus. The upper and lower pairs of roots merge,…

Figure 6.1. Vertebral column, lateral (A) and posterior (B) views, illustrating the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal segments. Note the curvatures, intervertebral foramina, and interlaminar spaces. (Adapted from Cousins…

Figure 16.1. Deep anatomy of the sciatic nerve. The nerve exits the pelvis through the sciatic notch and travels behind the femur to bifurcate just above the knee into the…

Figure 15.1. Overview of the lumbosacral plexus. The origin of the lumbosacral plexus is broader than the brachial plexus in the cervical region. The roots of the lumbar plexus emerge…

Figure 7.1. Anatomy of the bony and ligamentous components of the lumbar spine. The same structures are present at all vertebral levels although the shapes of the structures differ with…

7. Overall, this delivery system has been highly effective in providing appropriate analgesia for postoperative patients. a. PCA, when compared to nurse-administered opioids, whether IV or IM, provides better analgesia…

Figure 20.1. Modified Atkinson approach to facial nerve block. The needle is inserted 2 cm lateral to the lateral border of the orbit, which is usually 2 to 3 cm…

Figure 11.1. Sympathetic nervous system pathways. Sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies reside in the intermediolateral gray matter of the spinal cord (T1-L2) and receive input from neurons descending from the brainstem…

C. Drugs. In children, most local anesthetics should be dosed in milliliter per kilogram to avoid toxicity associated with larger volumes used in adult blocks. 1. Bupivacaine. A dose of…

Figure 14.1. Suprascapular nerve block. The spine of the scapula is marked and the midpoint identified by the intersection of the line from the tip of the scapula. The notch…