Local Anesthetics
CHAPTER 7 Local Anesthetics Christopher Voscopoulos and Mark J. Lema INTRODUCTION Local anesthetics (LAs) are used in many clinical scenarios that require the pain practitioner to be intimately familiar with…
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Sacroiliac Joint Denervation Using Synergy System
CHAPTER 27 Sacroiliac Joint Denervation Using Synergy System Leonardo Kapural and Amanda Toye INTRODUCTION The sacroiliac (SI) joint is a common source of chronic low back pain (LBP) with a…
Stellate Ganglion Block
CHAPTER 42 Stellate Ganglion Block Richard S. Epter Stellate ganglion blockade has been utilized since the 1920s to treat a variety of medical conditions. Although blind stellate ganglion blockade had…
Commercially Available Reservoir Options for Intrathecal Drug Delivery
CHAPTER 65 Commercially Available Reservoir Options for Intrathecal Drug Delivery Corey W. Hunter and David Caraway INTRODUCTION The presence of abundant opioid mu receptors in the dorsal horns of the…
Intradiscal Biacuplasty
CHAPTER 36 Intradiscal Biacuplasty Mark Yelle and Leonardo Kapural INTRODUCTION Approximately 45% of back pain can be attributed to discogenic source.1,2 Lumbar discogenic pain is typically caused by pathophysiological changes…
Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection
CHAPTER 22 Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection Vikram B. Patel INDICATIONS Transforaminal approach to the epidural space has been utilized for several decades for proper placement of injectates at the site…
Superior and Inferior Hypogastric Plexus Blocks
CHAPTER 48 Superior and Inferior Hypogastric Plexus Blocks Agnes Stogicza INTRODUCTION The hypogastric plexus is the extension of the aortic plexus in the retroperitoneal space, below the aortic bifurcation. The…
Ganglion Impar Block
CHAPTER 49 Ganglion Impar Block Corey W. Hunter and Sudhir Diwan INDICATIONS The ganglion impar, also known as the ganglion of Walther or sacrococcygeal ganglion is a singular retroperitoneal structure…
Obturator Nerve Block
CHAPTER 63 Obturator Nerve Block Arthur Atchabahian INDICATIONS The obturator nerve innervates a portion of the hip joint, most of the adductor muscles, a variable portion of the medial aspect…
Lumbar Facet Joint Cyst Drainage and Injection
CHAPTER 24 Lumbar Facet Joint Cyst Drainage and Injection Gerard P. Varlotta, Christopher Gharibo, and Z.T. Traeger INDICATIONS The indications for injections of the facet joint include: • Facet-mediated low back…
