Neurosurgery Emergencies
Figure 10.1 Diffuse brain injury Axial CT. Note that even in this severe brain injury, the image on the left is not significantly abnormal. The higher slice shows small petechial…
Uncategorized
Cardiothoracic Surgical Emergencies
Major criteria Three positive blood cultures (taken 12 h apart) showing typical organisms, such as Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, or Enterococci Evidence of endocardial infection, such as demonstration of a…
Urological Emergencies
Figure 6.1 Algorithm for management of priapism The corpus cavernosum is engorged in priapism where as the corpus spongiosum is spared and not engorged. Use of prescribed drugs like antihypertensives,…
Clinical Cases
Fig. 14.1 ROTEM thromboelastometry profile performed before, during, and after the surgical intervention and then daily for 1 week. Reference values: INTEM CT 100–240 s, CFT 30–110 s, MCF 50–72…
Blood Products, Derivates, and Prohemostatic Drugs
Fig. 6.1 EXTEM ROTEM trace of low platelet count in a patient with cirrhosis pre and post platelet transfusion 6.2.3 Adverse Events A comprehensive review of adverse plasma transfusion reactions…
Clinical Management of Severe Bleeding in Trauma Patients
Fig. 7.1 Physiopathology of trauma-induced coagulopathy Transfusion of ≥10 units of RBCs, which approximates the total blood volume (TBV) of an average adult patient, within 24 h Transfusion of at…
Management of Severe Bleeding in Cardiovascular Patients
Fig. 8.1 Calibrated automated thrombography. ETP endogenous thrombin potential; TF tissue factor Conventional tests offer a limited information on thrombin generation, even if prothrombin time and international normalized ratio are…
Practical Issues in POCT
Fig. 13.1 Emilia-Romagna, Italy Fig. 13.2 Emilia-Romagna integrated trauma care system (SIAT) The SIAT works according to hub and spoke model: severe and resource-consuming patients are centralized in first-level hubs…
Management of Severe Bleeding in Liver Disease and Transplantation
Body weight (kg) Targeted increase in MCF (A10) FIB TEM 4 mm 8 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 0.5 g 1 g 1.5 g 2 g 40 1 g…
Assessment of the Effects of Antithrombotic Drugs
Fig. 12.1 Heparin rebound. Postoperative bleeding in aortic valve replacement. (a) Kaolin-TEG trace without heparinase. (b) Kaolin-TEG trace with heparinase. The presence of heparinase reduces R-time and K-time and normalizes…
