Pain Terms and Taxonomies of Pain
Pain Terms and Taxonomies of Pain Dennis C. Turk Akiko Okifuji The inherent subjectivity of pain presents a fundamental impediment to increased understanding of its mechanisms and control. The language…
PAIN MEDICINE
Regenerative Medicine
Regenerative medicine (RM) encompasses an emerging field of medicine with the goal of replacing, engineering, or regenerating human cells, tissues, or organs lost or injured due to age, disease, or…
Pain Care Essentials: Interventional Pain
Introduction Treatment of pain, acute, subacute, or chronic, often involves a continuum of treatment options. Initially, conservative options such as physical therapy, medications, and alternative/complimentary treatments should be considered. If…
Future Research in Pain
Introduction In previous decades, pain research has been relatively stagnant and with limited funding. In 2011, only 1% of the $30 billion National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget was devoted…
Opioids in Pain
Introduction/General Considerations Opium and its derivatives have been described and used for analgesia for thousands of years, making it one of the oldest medicinal plants. In 3500 BC, the opium…
Rehabilitation in Pain Medicine
The goals of rehabilitation in patients suffering from acute or chronic pain can be quite variable. However, the foundation of successful rehabilitation always focuses on functional and analgesic optimization. Patients…
Comorbid Chronic Pain and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Current Knowledge, Treatments, and Future Directions
Understanding Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Chronic Pain: Current Treatments and Future Directions It is crucial for providers, researchers, and consumers to understand chronic pain through a comprehensive model that…
Basic Science of Pain
Introduction Clinically, the most commonly referenced definition of pain initially described by Harold Merskey in 1964, and as adopted by the International Association in the Study of Pain in 1979,…
Inpatient Pain
Introduction Inpatient pain management is a critical component of hospital care. Patients followed by an acute pain service are typically those who have undergone surgery, were involved in trauma, have…
Cannabis in Pain
Cannabinoids: Introduction Cannabinoids are the chemical constituents of the Cannabis plant. There are three general categories of cannabinoids present, including phytocannabinoids, endocannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids. Phytocannabinoids are cannabinoids found in…
