Abstract Caliber: The caliber of a handgun or rifle is typically described as the diameter of the bore, although this can sometimes vary depending on how the diameter is measured….

Abstract The skin functions as a critical external barrier and serves a vital role in protecting against pathogens but also in thermoregulation, management of fluids and electrolytes, and protection from…

Abstract Intraosseous (IO) infusion is based on the principle that medullary veins of long bones remain patent during shock and hypovolemia. Chapter 17 Intraosseous Access Techniques Angelica Loza-Gomez and Aaron…

Abstract Central venous access is obtained via the internal jugular vein (IJV), subclavian vein (SCV), or femoral vein. Chapter 16 Central Venous Access Meghan Lewis and Andrea Austin General Principles…

Abstract Extensive blunt soft tissue trauma may occur after traffic accidents, falls from significant heights, and crush injuries. It is a common problem after major earthquakes or collapsed buildings (see…

Abstract Disasters often occur without any warning and may result in mass casualties that can overwhelm the capacity of local and regional healthcare systems. The etiology of disasters can be…

Abstract Pediatric trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Although the principles of the initial evaluation and management are the same as in adult patients, it…

Abstract The extremity compartment syndrome is an acute, limb, and potentially life-threatening emergency that occurs when the pressure in a muscle compartment increases to levels that cause reduced tissue perfusion…

Abstract The pregnant patient represents a double resuscitation, as there are two patients to simultaneously consider. Fetal resuscitation is dependent upon adequate maternal resuscitation and stability and ongoing monitoring of…

Abstract Traffic collisions, followed by falls, are by far the most common cause of severe blunt abdominal trauma. Solid organs, usually the spleen and liver, are the most commonly injured…