Chapter 54 Fungal Infections (Superficial) Melissa A. Hall Superficial fungal infections are common problems. Greater exposure to fungal pathogens is occurring in the health and fitness–minded population, in debilitated patients…
Chapter 217 Raynaud Phenomenon Lin A. Brown Definition and Epidemiology Raynaud phenomenon is a reversible vasospastic disorder that affects the blood flow to the digits. When these changes occur in…
Chapter 131 Constipation Courtney L. Betts Definition and Epidemiology Constipation, one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints in the United States, results in almost 8 million primary care visits each…
Chapter 210 Hypernatremia and Hyponatremia Terry Mahan Buttaro Specialist referral is indicated for serum sodium levels of less than 125 mEq/L or more than 155 mEq/L. Hypernatremia Definition and Epidemiology Hypernatremia affects…
Chapter 114 Pulmonary Hypertension Thuy D. Nguyen, Anthony S. Gemignani Definition and Epidemiology Development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the common end point for a number of disease processes whereby…
Chapter 77 Preseptal and Orbital Cellulitis Nathan Blessing, James T. Banta Definition and Epidemiology Periorbital infections are classically divided anatomically into whether the findings are isolated anterior to the orbital…
Chapter 172 Bone Tumors Henry Degroot III Definition and Epidemiology The term bone tumor is broadly used and encompasses a wide variety of bone lesions. Bone tumors may be benign…
Chapter 174 Elbow Pain Denise A. Vanacore-Chase Definition and Epidemiology The elbow is a hinged joint that is a three-joint complex formed by the humerus, radius, and ulna.1 It allows…
Chapter 179 Infectious Arthritis Kevin D. Kerin A septic joint is a medical emergency. Definition and Epidemiology Inflammation of a joint is called arthritis and is an observable finding, whereas…
