The Respiratory System
) The volume of air expired during a period of 1 minute. (The dot above the V represents “time”.) Orthopnea Severe dyspnea that is relieved when the patient elevates the head and…
ANESTHESIA
Assessment and Monitoring of the Perianesthesia Patient
FIG. 27.1 Normal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is indicated with the solid line. This curve may shift (indicated with broken lines) whenever pH, temperature, PCO2, or 2,3-DPG values are increased or decreased….
The Nervous System
FIG. 10.1 Left lateral view of the brain, showing the principal divisions of the brain and four major lobes of the cerebrum. Motor Areas No single area of motor control exists…
Care of the Ear, Nose, Throat, Neck, and Maxillofacial Surgical Patient
FIG. 32.1 Frontal section through outer, middle, and internal ear. CN, Cranial nerve. (From Patton KT, Thibodeau GA: Anatomy and physiology, ed 9, St. Louis, MO, 2016, Elsevier.) If surgery has been…
Care of the Pediatric Patient
From Kliegman RM, et al.: Nelson’s textbook of pediatrics, ed 20, Philadelphia, PA, 2016, Elsevier. Neonates have large heads and chest circumferences that mostly equal their body length. They can begin…
The Cardiovascular System
FIG. 11.1 Events of cardiac cycle showing changes in left atrial pressure, left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, ventricular volume, electrocardiogram, and phonocardiogram. A-V, Atrioventricular. (From Hall JE: Guyton and Hall textbook of…
Assessment and Management of the Airway
FIG. 30.1 Anatomy of the airway. (From Chabner D-E: Medical terminology: a short course, ed 7, St. Louis, 2015, Elsevier.) While it is likely a thorough airway assessment is performed by the…
Basic Principles of Pharmacology
ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme; DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin; ET, endotracheal tube; IM, intramuscular; INH, inhalation; IO, intraosseous; IOP, intraocular pressure; IV, intravenous; NMB, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker; NPH, neutral protamine Hagedorn; PO, by…
Local Anesthetics
FIG. 24.1 Transverse section of a peripheral nerve. (From Berde CB, Strichartz GR: Local anesthetics. In Miller RD, ed: Miller’s anesthesia, ed 8, Philadelphia, PA, 2015, Elsevier.) Classification of peripheral nerves is…
Care of the Neurosurgical Patient
FIG. 38.1 Cerebral angiography allows x-ray visualization of the brain’s vascular system when a contrast dye is injected arterially. A, Insertion of dye through a catheter in the common carotid artery,…
