Chapter Outline OVERVIEW HEMOGLOBIN SATURATION AND OXYGEN TRANSPORT HISTORY OF PULSE OXIMETRY PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING OF PULSE OXIMETRY Spectrophotometry Engineering Principles SOURCES OF ERROR Dyshemoglobins and Intravenous Dyes: Conventional Pulse…
Chapter Outline ANESTHESIA GAS DELIVERY SYSTEM Anesthesia Machine and Workstation Basic Anesthesia Machine Pneumatic Systems Oxygen Supply Sources: Pipelines and Cylinders Cylinder Pressure Regulator OXYGEN SUPPLY TO THE INTERMEDIATE-PRESSURE SYSTEM…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW ANESTHESIA WORKSTATIONS ANESTHESIA INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS EDUCATION Portable Devices Decision Support Simulation COMMUNICATION Modern Communication Devices Computer Interfaces and Networks E-mail Telephone Consultations Social Networking SECURITY CONCLUSIONS…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW TERMS AND DEFINITIONS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES SYSTEMATIC INTERPRETATION OF TIME CAPNOGRAPHY Inspiratory Segment Expiratory Segment Phases and Angles Arterial and End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Gradient CLINICAL APPLICATIONS Maintenance of…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW HISTORY OF BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT Definitions of Blood Pressure Instrumentation and Units of Measure Reference Points Manual (Riva-Rocci) Measurement Technique OSCILLOMETRIC BLOOD PRESSURE DEVICES INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE…
Chapter Outline ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY Normal Electrical Activity P Wave PR Interval QRS Complex ST Segment and T Wave Lead Systems Standard Limb and Precordial Leads Electrocardiogram Monitoring Systems Three-Electrode System Modified…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW PHYSICS OF HUMIDITY Measurement of Humidity Hair Hygrometer Wet and Dry Bulb Hygrometer Regnault’s Hygrometer Electric Hygrometer PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMIDIFICATION Humidification in the Airway Mucociliary Elevator Mucociliary…
Chapter Outline TRACE CONCENTRATIONS OF ANESTHETIC GASES SOURCES OF ANESTHETIC GAS CONTAMINATION Adjustable Pressure-Limiting Valve High- and Intermediate-Pressure Systems of the Anesthesia Workstation Low-Pressure System of the Anesthesia Machine Anesthesia…
Chapter Outline HISTORY OF DEVICE DEVELOPMENT CLASSIFICATIONS OF BREATHING CIRCUITS Chemical Absorption of Carbon Dioxide Dilution with Fresh Gas Use of Valves to Separate Exhaled Gases from Inhaled Gases Use…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW MEDICAL GAS CYLINDERS AND THEIR USE Oxygen Tanks Nitrous Oxide Tanks CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS CYLINDERS Size Color Coding Cylinder Markings Pressure Relief Valves Connectors GAS CYLINDER SAFETY…
