Chapter Outline PERSPECTIVE Critical Incidents Adverse Outcomes COMPLICATIONS Hypoxemia Hyperoxia Hypercarbia Hypocarbia CIRCUIT PRESSURE AND VOLUME PROBLEMS Occlusions Insufficient Gas in the Breathing System Failure to Initiate Artificial Ventilation Leaks…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW ANESTHESIA FACE MASK ORAL AND NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAYS Supraglottic Airways Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal LMA LMA Supreme Fastrach LMA Paraesophageal Devices King Laryngeal Tracheal Tube I-Gel SLIPA Pharyngeal…
Chapter Outline PRINCIPLES Introduction Closed-Circuit Anesthesia Partial Pressure, Tension, and Concentration Lowe Technique ANESTHESIA ADMINISTRATION AND MONITORING Limitations and Solutions Anesthesia Assessment and Adjustment High and Low Flows Semiclosed Circuit…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW ANESTHESIA MISHAPS Human Error VIGILANCE AND MONITORING PERFORMANCE Research on Vigilance in Anesthesia Factors that Affect Vigilance Environmental Factors Individual Factors Interpersonal and Team Factors Workload and…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW DATA Data Gathering Data Sources Monitor Interfaces NETWORKING CONCEPTS AND OPEN SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION Interface Languages Central Storage and Servers Local Versus Central Processing Presentation Decision Support Moving…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW HAND HYGIENE STANDARD PRECAUTIONS AND SAFE INJECTION PRACTICES REPROCESSING Spaulding System Critical Items Semicritical Items Noncritical Items Limitations Sterilization Disinfection ANESTHESIA MACHINE AND ANESTHESIA WORK SPACE EXPANDED…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW GAS SAMPLING SYSTEMS Nondiverting (Mainstream) Systems Sidestream (Diverting) Systems UNITS OF MEASUREMENT Number of Molecules (Partial Pressure) Measurement of Proportion (Volumes Percent) GAS ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES Mass Spectrometry…
Chapter Outline OVERVIEW HISTORY PHYSIOLOGY AND MECHANICAL CONCEPTS Gas Exchange Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium Carbon Dioxide Production Carbon Dioxide Elimination Oxygen Uptake Net Effect of Respiratory Quotient PHYSICS OF GAS FLOW…
Chapter Outline HISTORY WHAT IS ERGONOMICS? Scope of Ergonomics ERGONOMICS RESEARCH IN ANESTHESIOLOGY Task Analysis Studies Workload Studies Attention Studies Automation and New Technologies Critical Incident Studies ERGONOMICS GUIDELINES Principles…
Chapter Outline INHALATIONAL ANESTHESIA IN DIFFICULT LOCATIONS DRAW-OVER BREATHING SYSTEM OXYGEN CONCENTRATOR Function MECHANICAL VENTILATORS Function RECENT DEVELOPMENTS VAPORIZERS Valves PORTABLE ANESTHESIA MACHINES TOTAL INTRAVENOUS ANESTHESIA REGIONAL AND LOCAL ANESTHESIA…
