Infectious Diseases and Biologic Weapons
Key Points ▪ Patients with severe sepsis are at particular risk for hepatic and renal injuries. ▪ The major cardiovascular events in sepsis are vasoplegia, reduced stroke volume, and microcirculatory…
ANESTHESIA
Diseases of the Endocrine System
Key points ▪ Anesthetic management of endocrine surgical patients should consider not only the organ of interest but also the end-organ consequences of the endocrine dysfunction and possible rare syndromes….
Trauma and Acute Care
Key points ▪ Trauma is the 10th leading cause of death globally (16,000 people daily). Motor vehicle crashes, firearms, poisoning, falls, and suffocation account for 81% of all trauma deaths….
The Geriatric Patient
Key points ▪ Patients with Huntington’s disease are at higher risk of pulmonary aspiration, altered anesthetic pharmacology, and worsening generalized tonic spasms. Rapid-sequence induction with cricoid pressure is recommended for…
Mitochondrial Disease
Key points ▪ Oxidative phosphorylation is critical to aerobic cellular energy production. ▪ Five enzyme complexes make up the electron transport chain, encoded by nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA…
Mineral, Vitamin, and Herbal Supplements
Key points ▪ With use of alternative medicines such as minerals, vitamins, and herbals increasing worldwide, the medical community needs a more comprehensive understanding of these agents. ▪ Anesthesiologists need…
Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders
Key points ▪ An estimated 26.2% of Americans age 18 and older have a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year (58 million people). ▪ Mental disorders and their associated…
Hematologic Diseases
Key points ▪ Preoperative recognition of anemia is essential to provide a systems approach to treatment. ▪ The decision to transfuse a patient with blood products should be based on…
Congenital Heart Disease
Key points ▪ Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect requiring invasive treatment. ▪ With improved medical, surgical, and perioperative care, about 1 million children and 1…
