Ultrasound-Guided Auriculotemporal Nerve Block CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES Ultrasound-guided auriculotemporal nerve block is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of painful conditions including posttraumatic auriculotemporal neuralgia, Frey syndrome, Ramsay-Hunt…
Ultrasound-Guided Greater and Lesser Occipital Nerve Block CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES Ultrasound-guided blockade of the greater and lesser occipital nerves is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of occipital neuralgia and other…
Ultrasound-Guided Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES Sphenopalatine ganglion block is useful in the treatment of acute migraine headache, acute cluster headache, and a variety of facial neuralgias, including Sluder, Vail,…
Ultrasound-Guided Atlantoaxial Block CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES The atlantoaxial joint is an often overlooked source of upper posterior neck and suboccipital headache pain. The joint is susceptible to arthritis and is frequently…
Ultrasound-Guided Atlanto-Occipital Block CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES The atlanto-occipital joint is an often overlooked source of upper posterior neck pain and suboccipital headache. The joint is susceptible to arthritis and is frequently…
Invasive arterial pressure monitoring Invasive arterial pressure monitoring provides beat-to-beat real-time information with sustained accuracy. Components 1. An indwelling Teflon arterial cannula (20G or 22G) is used ( Fig. 11.1…
Clinical observation provides vital information regarding the patient. Observations gained from the use of the various monitors should augment that information; skin perfusion, capillary refill, cyanosis, pallor, skin temperature and…
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) PCA represents one of the most significant advances in the treatment of postoperative pain. Improved technology enables pumps to accurately deliver boluses of opioid when a demand…
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) CPAP is a spontaneous breathing mode used in the intensive care unit, during anaesthesia and for patients requiring respiratory support at home. It increases the…
The electrical equipment used in the operating theatre and intensive care unit is designed to improve patient care and safety. At the same time, however, there is the potential of…
