Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Regurgitation Adam M. Dryden A. Stephane Lambert INTRODUCTION Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become a standard of care in the cardiac operating room, allowing the anesthesiologist to play an important…
ANESTHESIA
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function Amit Bardia Wanda M. Popescu INTRODUCTION The diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle is recognized as an important, independent component of cardiac performance. Quantification…
Quantitative Doppler and Hemodynamics
Quantitative Doppler and Hemodynamics Tzong Huei Chen Andrew Maslow Albert C. Perrino Jr. When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something…
Doppler Technology and Technique
Doppler Technology and Technique Albert C. Perrino Jr. INTRODUCTION Two-dimensional echocardiography provides remarkable high-resolution, full motion display of cardiac structures. Yet despite the ability to reveal the most intricate anatomic…
Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia
Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia Joachim M. Erb Manfred D. Seeberger ANATOMY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE MYOCARDIAL BLOOD SUPPLY Coronary Anatomy The myocardium has its own independent blood supply and drainage…
Two-Dimensional Examination
Two-Dimensional Examination Joseph P. Miller ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IS A CORNERSTONE OF medical imaging and clinical decision making. Echocardiographic technology continues to rapidly improve. Real-time biplane imaging is a reality in most…
Principles and Technology of Two-Dimensional Echocardiography
Principles and Technology of Two-Dimensional Echocardiography Michelle Gorgone Andrew Maslow Albert C. Perrino Jr. INTRODUCTION Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography generates dynamic images of the heart from reflections of transmitted ultrasound. The…
Airway Management in the Adult
Key Points ▪ One of the fundamental responsibilities of the anesthesiologist is to mitigate the adverse effects of anesthesia on the respiratory system by maintaining airway patency and ensuring adequate…
Respiratory Monitoring
Key wordscapnography, infrared spectroscopy, lung imaging, pulse oximetry, respiratory mechanics Key Points ▪ Intraoperative respiratory monitoring is a fundamental component of the American Society of Anesthesiologists’ standards for basic…
Monitoring the State of the Brain and Central Nervous System During General Anesthesia and Sedation
Key Points ▪ Anesthesiologists rely extensively on physiologic signals and anesthetic dosing strategies to infer and to track states of the brain and central nervous system under general anesthesia. ▪…
