Thyroid Disease
Thyroid Disease Douglas G. Rogers EMBRYOGENESIS During embryogenesis, epithelial cells on the pharyngeal floor thicken to form a diverticulum. At about the fourth gestational week, the diverticulum elongates, and the…
Adrenal Disorders
Adrenal Disorders Anzar Haider Adrenal disorders represent a classical bio-feedback system and underscore the importance of physiology and biochemistry in understanding the disease process. ANATOMY The adrenal gland is a…
Board Simulation: Nephrology
Board Simulation: Nephrology Robert J. Cunningham III QUESTIONS 1. A 3-year-old, previously healthy, white girl presents for a routine physical examination and is found to have a blood pressure (BP)…
Board Simulation: Acid-Base and Complex Fluid and Electrolyte Problems
Board Simulation: Acid-Base and Complex Fluid and Electrolyte Problems Robert J. Cunningham III In this chapter, a board simulation format is utilized to review acid-base physiology and transmit an approach…
Hypertension, Obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, and Hyperlipidemia
Hypertension, Obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, and Hyperlipidemia Robert J. Cunningham III INTRODUCTION Assessment of a patient’s risk for cardiovascular disease had traditionally required an evaluation of the following factors:…
Proteinuria and Hematuria
Proteinuria and Hematuria Robert J. Cunningham III This chapter discusses the evaluation of the child or adolescent with proteinuria or hematuria. Because proteinuria is more likely than hematuria to indicate…
Fluids and Electrolytes
Fluids and Electrolytes Robert J. Cunningham III The appropriate fluid and electrolyte therapy involves the understanding of a few basic principles that can be applied systematically to calculate the requirements…
Board Simulation: Gastroenterology
Board Simulation: Gastroenterology Lori Mahajan QUESTIONS 1. Name the most likely hematologic abnormality that would result from feeding an infant exclusively with goat’s milk. a) Thrombocytosis b) Iron deficiency anemia…
Common Mucosal and Luminal Disorders
Common Mucosal and Luminal Disorders Kadakkal R. Radhakrishnan CELIAC DISEASE Celiac disease, also called gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is a permanent intestinal intolerance to dietary wheat protein gliadin and related proteins. This…
Neonatal Jaundice and Liver Disease
Neonatal Jaundice and Liver Disease Vera F. Hupertz Neonatal jaundice is most often first seen by the parents of the patient. Yellowness of the skin and sclerae start at the…
