Local Anesthetics and Topical Analgesics Ashley Wong Naum Shaparin Introduction Local anesthetics have been used since the 19th century for their anesthetic properties.1 Local anesthetics are drugs that bind to…
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Antidepressants, Antiepileptics, Gabapentinoids Anand M. Prem Maryam Jowza Dominika James Introduction While the prevalence of chronic pain in the adult population averages about 20% in the United…
Meloxicam: Pharmacology and Role in the Management of Acute Pain Carley E. Boyce Luke Mosel Sarahbeth R. Howes Benjamin Cole Miller Victoria L. Lassiegne Mark R. Alvarez Jake Huntzinger Alan…
NSAIDs and COX-2 Inhibitors Matthew R. Eng Kapil Anand Introduction Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors have become valuable anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications in the perioperative…
Patient-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems (ie, PCA) Nellab Yakuby Lindsey Cieslinski Kelsey De Silva Caroline Galliano Introduction In 1963, Roe1 was the first to manage postoperative pain by titrating small intermittent…
Acute Pain Management in Patients on Medication Maintenance Therapy—Buprenorphine, Methadone, or Naltrexone Sameer K. Goel Shilen P. Thakrar Tina S. Thakrar Caitlin E. Martin Dharti Patel Savitri Gopaul Introduction Besides…
Opioid Agonists Lisa To Juan Gabriel Garcia Introduction Opioids are a group of natural, synthetic, or semisynthetic chemicals that interact with opioid receptors on nerve cells in the body and…
Management of Acute Pain in Amputation Joel Castellanos Christopher Reid John J. Finneran Introduction Amputation is a common procedure with ˜185 000 people undergoing amputations annually in the United States…
Chronic Pain and the Opioid Tolerant Patient Chikezie N. Okeagu Gopal Kodumudi Boris C. Anyama Alan David Kaye Introduction Investigation into the experience of pain has captivated medical research for…
Acute Pain Management for Orthotopic Liver Transplant Surgery Islam Mohammad Shehata Antolin S. Flores Leonid Gorelik Alan David Kaye Introduction Liver transplant (LTx) is the most effective treatment for patients…
