As imaging technology improves, it is increasingly possible to perform procedures with noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques that would have once required an operating room. Specialized suites such as cardiac…
Direct-current cardioversion is a common cardiological procedure, consisting of delivering an electric shock to the patient’s heart with the goal of restoring normal sinus rhythm. The common indication for the…
Acknowledgments The authors thank Drs. David Callans, Lee Fleisher, and Sean Kennedy for their comments on a draft of this chapter. In the electrophysiology laboratory, procedures are performed to diagnose…
The treatment of structural heart disease is undergoing a revolution reminiscent of the management of coronary artery disease 30 years ago—the development, evaluation, and application of catheter-based techniques of valve…
The preoperative evaluation of the patient undergoing anesthesia is both a requirement of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and important in preparing an anesthetic plan. Certain parts of…
As described throughout this book, non–operating room anesthesia (NORA) locations present a major challenge for safe anesthesia care. A vital quality improvement and risk management system is important to prevent…
The provision of hospital-based, non–operating room anesthesia (NORA) has become a burgeoning part of almost every anesthesiology practice in the United States. Cost savings, facilitated scheduling (as opposed to in…
Acknowledgment Anil Gupta would like to thank the Department of Anaesthetics, Gisborne Hospital, Gisborne, New Zealand, for the time he was given during the nonclinical sessions, which gave him the…
The rise in the number of nonsurgical diagnostic and therapeutic interventions is driving the surge in volume of remote anesthesia and sedation services. These procedures have simultaneously become increasingly complex…
In recent years, the number of non–operating room anesthesia (NORA) procedures has increased significantly. At our institution—Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital of New York-Presbyterian—40% of all anesthesia procedures (∼4000/10,000 cases) were…
