Anesthesia Key

The Poisoned Patient: General Approach and Gastrointestinal Decontamination Print Section Listen Clinical Summary The incidence of pediatric poisoning follows a biphasic curve, with 85% to 90% in children age 1…

Thermal Burns Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Extent of injury depends on the amount of heat, the delivery medium (gas, liquid, solid, or vapor), and the duration of contact. Scald…

Proteinuria Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Healthy children normally have protein in their urine, at a rate of protein excretion <4 mg/m2/h or <100 mg/m2/d throughout childhood. The upper limit…

Sickle Cell Anemia with Fever Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Fever in a child with sickle cell disease (SCD) is a medical emergency, because of the possibility of overwhelming Streptococcus…

Trauma Print Section Listen Clinical Summary The focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) examination is a safe, portable, noninvasive diagnostic tool to investigate for hemoperitoneum, hemopericardium, and hemothorax in…

Bacterial Meningitis Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes (dura, pia mater, and arachnoid) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Bacterial meningitis most commonly results from…

Intussusception Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Intussusception is when the proximal portion of the intestine invaginates into the distal portion, causing an obstruction. Early in the process, lymphatic return is…

Acute Otitis Media Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Diagnosis of acute otitis media (AOM) requires (1) a history of acute onset of signs/symptoms, (2) presence of middle-ear effusion, and (3)…

Orbital Cellulitis Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Orbital cellulitis is an infection of the soft tissues of the orbit posterior to the orbital septum. Infection may involve all the orbital…

Esophageal Foreign Bodies Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Ingested foreign bodies (FBs) account for many emergency department visits, and most pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract spontaneously. However, in children…