ABSTRACT Print Section Listen Opioid analgesics provide effective treatment for noncancer pain, but many physicians have concerns about adverse effects, tolerance, and addiction. Misuse of opioids is prominent in patients…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen When the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) arrived at a definition of pain that included the “emotional experience,” as well as the “unpleasant…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen More than 45 years ago, Shealy and colleagues introduced the concept of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) as a means of electrically inhibiting pain that was consonant…
NOTE Print Section Listen *Thanks to Christine Cahalan and George Mensing for their extraordinary valuable assistance with the literature review and manuscript preparation. We also gratefully acknowledge the contribution of…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Spinal disease is a very common cause of neck and back pain. Patients presenting with spinal pain form a very important group at the Pain Clinic….
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Chronic pain is an extremely complex and debilitating problem that presents itself in many ways in modern-day society. While there is clearly a biological substrate to…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Discography is a diagnostic test in which radiographic contrast is injected into the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. Although originally developed for the study of…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Most patient assessment is the taking of the history itself: Listen to the patients; they will tell you what is wrong with them. Physical examination then…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Pain is a complex multidimensional symptom. It is determined not only by actual or potential tissue injury and normal and abnormal activity of the nervous system,…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen “It is not suffering that diminishes man, but suffering without meaning.”—Victor Frankl Asked to describe their pain, especially chronic, noncancer pain, patients often appear perplexed, stating,…
