Anesthesia Key

Introduction Many individuals use cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COX-1 and COX-2 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) on a regular basis. This is particularly true of the elderly, who are more prone…

Introduction/Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition that is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete collapse of the upper airway during sleep. The reduction or cessation…

Introduction The concept of ambulatory procedure with admission, operation, and discharge on the same day has evolved considerably over the last two decades. The number of ambulatory surgical procedures has…

Introduction A hospital and a freestanding ambulatory surgery center (ASC) were once considered the only locations in which to perform a safe anesthetic and surgical procedure. However, since the latter…

Introduction Propofol is a sedative–hypnotic that was commercially introduced into U.S. anesthetic practice in 1989. Released under the trade name of Diprivan, it rapidly gained acceptance in the anesthesia community…

Introduction Aspiration is a recognized risk of anesthesia. Although a relatively rare complication of anesthesia, aspiration contributes to perioperative morbidity and mortality. It can occur whenever a patient is unable…

Introduction Opioid-based anesthesia emerged as a safe and effective way to maintain hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in the early 1970s. This traditional anesthetic technique used large doses…

Introduction Intensive (critical) care units (ICUs) first appeared in the 1950s as specialized wards to care for patients with acute respiratory failure. Subsequent technical and pharmacologic advances led to the…