Radius and Ulna Fractures
Fractures of the distal radius are among the most common fractures, and of these, the most familiar pattern is the Colles’ fracture, first described in 1814. Although Colles considered these…
Clavicle and Scapula Fractures
Clavicle fractures are common injuries, occurring most often in children and young adults. Treatment is determined largely by the location of the fracture and the degree of displacement. Many clavicle…
Carpal Fractures
Fractures of the carpal bones constitute approximately 6% of all fractures, but they are probably underdiagnosed. Scaphoid fractures are the most common fractures of carpal bones, accounting for more than…
General Principles of Fracture Care
Although each fracture requires individual evaluation and management, general principles of fracture assessment and fracture healing can be applied to aid providers in the proper care of patients with fractures….
Metacarpal Fractures
Fractures of the metacarpals are the second most common type of fracture seen in a primary care setting. They are classified according to the anatomic location of the fracture: head,…
Finger Fractures
Finger fractures are the most common types of fractures seen in primary care settings. Many of these fractures are sport or work related, but they may also occur in common…
Fracture Management by Primary Care Providers
The evaluation and management of patients with acute musculoskeletal injuries is a routine part of most primary care practices. Distinguishing a fracture from a soft tissue injury is an essential…
When Should Regional Anesthesia Be Used in Pediatric Patients?
Introduction The role of regional anesthesia in adult practice is well-established. Some of the benefits of regional anesthesia include improvement in postoperative respiratory function and bowel function and a decrease…
Is Pre-Emptive Analgesia Clinically Effective?
Introduction The concept of pre-emptive analgesia originated at a time of growing appreciation for the dynamic characteristics of the pain pathway. Experimental studies made it clear that noxious stimuli could…
How Young Is the Youngest Infant for Outpatient Surgery?
Introduction Outpatient surgery accounts for a significant percentage of anesthetics delivered annually in the United States. Many pediatric procedures, such as hernia repair, circumcision, endoscopy, and heel cord tenotomy, are…
