Chapter 5D Computed Tomography Coronary Calcium Score and Coronary Angiography Vineet Prakash Key Points Computed Tomography Coronary Calcium Score Has an accepted role in primary prevention by allowing further risk…
Chapter 5B Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Vineet Prakash Key Points Stress pharmacological myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) is a useful diagnostic tool to detect myocardial ischaemia and functional capacity as a preoperative…
Chapter 3 Cardiac Arrhythmias Mark M. Gallagher and Hanney Gonna Key Points Procedures which require general anaesthesia may stress the heart, producing cardiac arrhythmias, particularly in the presence of ischaemic…
15 Basic Navigational Bronchoscopy Dominik Harzheim and Jonas Herth A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a round or oval opacity smaller than 3 cm in diameter that is completely surrounded…
14 Bronchoscopy in the Lung Transplant Patient Anne Fuhlbrigge Lung transplantation has rapidly evolved since the first operation in the early 1960s and has become an established treatment for a…
16 Basic Therapeutic Techniques Luis F. Angel and Deborah J. Levine Introduction Interventional pulmonology is an evolving discipline stemming from pulmonary medicine that concentrates on both diagnostic and therapeutic interventions…
9 Bronchial Washing, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Bronchial Brush, and Endobronchial Biopsy Melissa Tukey and Carla Lamb Introduction Bronchial washings (BWs), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial brushings, and endobronchial biopsies (EBBX) are common…
1 A Short History of Bronchoscopy Heinrich D. Becker and Armin Ernst In his article titled “Entfernung eines Knochenstücks aus dem rechten Bronchus auf natürlichem Wege und unter Anwendung der…
11 Transbronchial Needle Aspiration William Fischer and David Feller-Kopman Introduction Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is a technique that has revolutionized the diagnosis of mediastinal pathology by enabling intrathoracic nodal sampling…
5 Anesthesia for Bronchoscopy John Pawlowski Introduction Instrumentation of the airway is among the most noxious procedures physicians perform. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation require 1.3–2.8 times more inhalation anesthesia than…
