Chapter 29 – Acute Pain Management
Summary Pain is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) as “An aversive sensory and emotional experience typically caused by, or resembling that caused by, actual…
Chapter 28 – Chronic Pain Medicine
Summary Chronic neck pain and low back pain are highly prevalent medical conditions that cause considerable pain, disability, and economic burden [1, 2]. Cervicalgia has an annual prevalence exceeding 30%,…
Chapter 27 – Anesthesia for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures
Summary Ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) have become the place of choice for an increasing number of diagnostic and surgical procedures. Improvements in anesthesia and pain control, minimally invasive surgical techniques,…
Chapter 26 – Geriatric Anesthesia
Summary The World Health Organization predicts that the number of people aged 60 years and over will grow to an estimated 1.2 billion by 2025 and to 2 billion by 2050….
Chapter 25 – Pediatric Anesthesia
Summary Pediatric anesthesiology is a distinct subspecialty of anesthesia. It focuses on the perioperative care of preterm and term neonates, infants, children, and teenagers. The pediatric population is vastly different…
Chapter 24 – Obstetric and Gynecologic Anesthesia
Summary The pregnant patient undergoes various physiologic changes which allow them to adapt to the stress of pregnancy, labor, and delivery. The physiologic changes of pregnancy are summarized in Table…
Chapter 23 – Orthopedic Anesthesia
Summary Shoulder surgery can be accomplished arthroscopically or open, and is usually performed in either a lateral decubitus (LDP) or beach-chair (BCP) position. The LDP involves placing the patient on…
Chapter 22 – Anesthesia for Ocular, Ear, and Throat Diseases
Summary Normal intraocular pressure (IOP) ranges between 10 and 22 mmHg. This pressure represents a balance between aqueous humor production and drainage [1]. An increase in IOP is harmful because it…
Chapter 21 – Anesthesia for Neuromuscular and Collagen Vascular Diseases
Summary Neuromuscular and collagen vascular diseases comprise a wide array of disorders that bear a broad range of implications for anesthetic management throughout the perioperative period. Thorough preanesthetic evaluation is…
Chapter 20 – Anesthesia for Endocrine Diseases
Summary Although anesthesiology and endocrinology are two distinct branches of medicine, some recent breakthrough treatments have brought together both medical specialties, particularly those concerned with surgical sciences and critical care….
