Common Artifacts and Pitfalls of Clinical Echocardiography Fabio Guarracino Albert C. Perrino Jr. INTRODUCTION Clinically important imaging artifacts result from the interplay of the ultrasound system, the patient, and the…
Cardiac Masses and Embolic Sources Farid Jadbabaie INTRODUCTION Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an extremely useful imaging modality for the assessment of cardiac masses and sources of emboli. Enhanced resolution of…
Critical Care Echocardiography Etienne J. Couture Caroline E. Gebhard Stephan Langevin André Y. Denault INTRODUCTION Critical care ultrasound (CCUS) comprises ultrasound evaluation of the heart, lungs, pleural space, intraabdominal organs,…
Techniques and Tricks for Optimizing Transesophageal Images Loren R. Francis Eric Nelson Alan C. Finley Scott T. Reeves INTRODUCTION The accuracy and diagnostic confidence of a transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) study…
3D TEE Imaging Annette Vegas INTRODUCTION The use of real-time (RT) three-dimensional (3D) TEE has become routine during the perioperative period. Ease of acquisition with the rapid online display of…
Mitral Valve Repair Maurice Hogan Jöerg Ender INDICATIONS Mitral valve regurgitation is the second most frequent indication for valve surgery (1). The only effective treatment for chronic severe disease remains…
Right Ventricle, Right Atrium, Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valves André Y. Denault Etienne J. Couture Ying Tung Sia Georges Desjardins INTRODUCTION Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a common concern in the…
Transesophageal Echocardiography for Coronary Revascularization Donna L. Greenhalgh Henry J. Skinner Justiaan Swanevelder INTRODUCTION Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) provides an astutely trained clinician with essential information which can significantly influence clinical…
Prosthetic Valves Albert T. Cheung Worasak Keeyapaj INTRODUCTION The first successful artificial heart valves were implanted in 1960. Starr implanted a Starr-Edwards cagedball valve in a patient with rheumatic mitral…
Aortic Stenosis Praveen Mehrotra Ira S. Cohen INTRODUCTION With the exception of coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, aortic valve replacement (AVR) for critical aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common…
