Airway Management
FIGURE 39.1 Standard bag-valve-mask setup. Note that the bag is self-inflating, so it can be used with (usual) or without (in emergencies) an external gas supply. The “tail” of the…
Lung and Heart Transplantation
FIGURE 71.1 Volume of lung transplants in the United States. There has been significant increase in the volume of lung transplantation in the past decade, mostly due to increase in…
Echocardiography
SCANNING TECHNIQUES The examination will be briefly presented. Adequate texts and atlases on this topic are numerous and can be easily accessed. With recent improvements in echocardiographic technologies, and two-dimensional…
Venous Oximetry
INITIAL THERAPY If Sv̄O2 is low in association with a low CO, optimization procedures with fluids or inotropic agents should occur immediately. When titrating inotropic infusions, a lack of response…
Interventional Radiology
FIGURE 36.1 Typical drainage tray. A: Layout and contents of the Safe-T-Centesis catheter drainage tray. The kit includes patient prep supplies, a 6-French temporary pigtail drainage catheter, and a fluid…
Neuroimaging
FIGURE 30.1 Postcontrast axial T1-weighted MRI. A large left frontal mass results in subfalcine herniation with shift of the ventricles and septum pellucidum to the right across midline (black line)….
Invasive Ventilatory Support Modes
where PR is the pressure required to overcome RAW and PE the pressure required to overcome E. During PPV, the driving pressure for air to flow is applied by the…
Pulse Oximetry, Plethysmography, Capnography, and Respiratory Monitoring
Rearranging the equation to employ the measured ratio of transmitted to incident light, we can define absorbance (A) as: The absorption coefficient (a) is unique value for each wavelength and…
Mechanical Ventilation
FIGURE 102.1 The effects of gravity on ventilation–perfusion ratio (VA/Q). In the upright subject, gravity affects VA, Q, and concomitantly, the VA/Q ratio. Gravitational forces pull on both the gases…
Important Intensive Care Procedures
FIGURE 35.1 Site for generous injection of local anesthetic prior to chest tube insertion, usually at the fourth intercostal space, above the rib margin, at midaxillary line. If available, and…
