Abstract Obstetric hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal mortality worldwide, accounting for roughly 15% of maternal deaths. The World Health Organization estimates that severe hemorrhage complicates 10.5% of…
Abstract Liver diseases can be either incidental or unique to pregnancy and complicate as many as 3% of all pregnancies. The more common conditions are addressed in this chapter. Various…
Abstract This chapter reviews the epidemiology and etiologies of maternal mortality, focusing first on low-income countries, which account for 99% of maternal deaths worldwide. The chapter next addresses maternal mortality…
Abstract Maternal morbidity and mortality caused by aspiration of gastric contents in anesthetized parturients with an unprotected airway was recognized by early pioneers in the use of anesthesia to facilitate…
Abstract Embolic disease during pregnancy includes venous thromboembolism, amniotic fluid embolism, and venous air embolism. These entities vary in incidence, clinical course, and consequences. Embolic events account for almost one-sixth…
Abstract Autoimmunity has been described in more than 40 disorders, and may result in chronic illness and severe disability. The classification of autoimmune diseases has been controversial since it is…
Abstract The relationship between a physician and his or her patient is rooted in common moral principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Respect for a patient’s autonomy underscores the…
Abstract In this chapter, the paradox in the approach to labor pain is examined and the basis for current therapy (anatomy), the basis for future therapy (neurophysiology), and the effects…
Abstract The cesarean delivery rate in the United States and around the world has steadily increased as a result of changing patterns in obstetric practice. Recent data indicate that more…
