Staging of Breast Cancer
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India The extent or stage of cancer at diagnosis is vital to assess the prognosis and determine the appropriate treatment. Uniform classification of cancer…
Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India Invasive micropapillary carcinomas account for 1–2 % of all invasive breast carcinomas. They are clinically aggressive cancers, commonly found as mixed lesions with…
Hereditary Breast Cancer
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India The presence of a family history of breast cancer is a significant risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Although about 20–25…
Molecular Classification of Breast Cancers
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India Gene expression profiling studies have revealed the presence of multiple molecular subtypes or intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer and have also shown that…
BI-RADS for Ultrasound
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) for Ultrasound (Based on the 5th Edition of ACR BI-RADS) The consistent use of BI-RADS descriptors…
Physics and Equipment Settings
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India Breast Ultrasound: Physics and Equipment Settings Breast ultrasound is a very important tool in diagnostic breast imaging. Understanding the physics of ultrasonography helps…
BI-RADS for Mammography
(1) Chennai Breast Centre, Chennai, India Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) for Mammography (Based on the Fifth Edition of ACR BI-RADS) BI-RADS was conceived as a framework…
Healthcare Facility Disaster Management
Figure 22.1. The Four Phases of Comprehensive Emergency Management. The American Society for Healthcare Engineering of the AHA pioneered the development of hospital HVA in 2001. That same year, the…
Complex Public Health Emergencies
Figure 27.1. “Collateral damage” goes beyond injury and death. The fragile and superficially placed piping seen in the foreground was the main water artery to this village in Iraq. Public…
Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication
Figure 25.1. Crisis Communication Life Cycle. Movement through the phases varies according to the triggering event. Not all crises are created equally. The degree or intensity and longevity of a…
