Ankle and Foot Pain
Chapter 171 Ankle and Foot Pain Joanne Sandberg-Cook In the United States, foot and ankle problems are extremely common, with an incidence rate of 24% in middle-aged and older adults.1…
Screening for Skin Cancer
Chapter 41 Screening for Skin Cancer Randy M. Gordon Definition and Epidemiology Although early detection and treatment of skin cancer can improve patient outcomes, evidence is insufficient to recommend for…
West Nile Virus
Chapter 236 West Nile Virus Thomas H. Taylor West Nile virus (WNV) is now the leading cause of epidemic encephalitis in the United States. During the past 10 years, the…
Multiple Sclerosis
Chapter 199 Multiple Sclerosis Barbara S. Bishop Definition and Epidemiology Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The hallmark lesion…
Renal Failure
Chapter 149 Renal Failure Chris Winkelman, Evelyn Duffy Definition and Epidemiology Kidney damage causes loss of filtration and the retention of waste products in blood. Patients with kidney damage experience…
Ectopic Pregnancy
Chapter 161 Ectopic Pregnancy Marie Elena Botte Definition and Epidemiology Ectopic pregnancy (from the Greek ektopos, meaning “out of place”) occurs when a fertilized ovum implants anywhere outside of the…
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Chapter 241 Myelodysplastic Syndromes Anna D. Schaal Definition and Epidemiology The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a heterogeneous group of bone marrow disorders characterized by ineffective dysplastic growth of the hematopoietic…
Tick-Borne Illnesses
Chapter 234 Tick-Borne Illnesses Jodie Dionne-Odom Ticks are excellent vectors for disease transmission. More than 800 species of these obligate blood-sucking creatures inhabit the planet. They are second only to…
HIV Infection
Chapter 230 HIV Infection Bryan J. Marsh, Christina F. Martin Definition and Epidemiology Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a member of the family of viruses known as retroviruses….
