Neonatal Airway Management
Fig. 5.1 When mask ventilating a small infant, the middle finger rests on the mandible to provide chin lift without compression of soft tissues in the submental triangle In most…
Monitoring the Neonate: Basic Science
Organ system Optical signals Electrical signals Mechanical signals Acoustic signals Chemical signals Central nervous system NIRS aEEG EMG ABR SSEP Respiratory Gas analysis Impedance plethysmography Peak pressure Tidal volume Minute…
Anesthesia Outside the Operating Room
Fig. 13.1 Physiologic factors in the full-term and premature infants that can influence their management during anesthesia and surgery. See text for details 1. Oxygen toxicity: Human fetuses are hypoxemic…
Perioperative Metabolic Care of the Term and Preterm Infant
Fig. 8.1 Changes in fluid homeostasis and regulation in neonates (especially preterm neonates) lead to poor concentrating capacity and urinary loss of sodium. Reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance after birth…
Regional Anesthesia
Author Number of institutions Number cases Complications References Murrell (1992) Sydney, Australia 1 20 0 [33] Van Niekerk (1990) Utrecht, Netherlands 1 20 V 1 [146] Bosenberg (1998, 2005) South…
Anesthesia for the Neonate: Neurosurgery and Ophthalmology
While the MAP remains within a specific range, cerebral perfusion is under autoregulatory control. Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow is the intrinsic ability of the cerebral vasculature to maintain constant…
Pain Assessment and Management
Factor Effect Low-threshold A-fiber mechanoreceptors terminate centrally on nociceptive relay pathways Weaker stimuli activate pain specific pathways Weak intrinsic inhibitory mechanisms in spinal cord Relative augmentation of pain signal Reduced…
The History of Neonatal Anesthesia
Fig. 1.1 The Shadwell laryngoscope He noted that the epiglottis in the neonate was proportionally longer than in the adult and that with each breath, the larynx tended to move…
Ethical and Medicolegal Considerations
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Jerrold Lerman (ed.)Neonatal Anesthesia10.1007/978-1-4419-6041-2_17 17. Ethical and Medicolegal Considerations Thomas J. Mancuso1, 2 and Jeffrey P. Burns2 (1) Division of Critical Care, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Bader, 6th Floor, Boston,…
Anesthetic Complications in the Neonate
Pro-apoptotic: • Isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, N2O • Propofol, thiopental, ketamine, midazolam, diazepam, MgSO4, dexamethasone, CO2 Anti-apoptotic: • Lithium, melatonin, clonidine Non-apoptotic: • Dexmedetomidine, opioids, ± xenon Unknown: • Muscle relaxants…
