73. Pulmonary Hemosiderosis Definition Pulmonary hemosiderosis is repeated or chronic episodes of intra-alveolar bleeding resulting in iron accumulation (hemosiderin) in alveolar macrophages, culminating in pulmonary fibrosis and severe anemia. It…
72. Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula Definition Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is an abnormal communication between the pulmonary arteries and vein. It is typically a congenital anomaly, but may also develop as…
71. Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Definition Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by filling of the distal alveoli with endogenous proteinaceous or floccular material derived from surfactant…
66. Osteomalacia Definition Osteomalacia is a bone disease producing increasingly soft, brittle, flexible, and deformed bones because of a loss or shortage of calcium salts, or inadequate or delayed mineralization…
41. Guillain-Barré Syndrome Definition Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute, ascending motor neuron paralysis that progresses very rapidly. This disease is also called acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), acute idiopathic polyneuritis,…
63. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Definition Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially fatal, iatrogenic syndrome characterized by hyperpyrexia, catatonic rigidity, mentation alteration, and profuse sweating. Rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, seizures, and…
60. Narcolepsy Definition A neurologic disorder, narcolepsy is a derangement of the normal sleep-wake cycle characterized by episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, hypnagogic and/or hypnopompic hallucinations, and sleep…
58. Mastocytosis Definition Mastocytosis is a clonal disorder in which mast cells and the precursor cells accumulate in different tissues, such as bone marrow, skin, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and spleen….
38. Gardner Syndrome Definition Gardner syndrome is a type of familial adenomatous polyposis that also has extracolonic manifestations, including intestinal polyposis, desmoids, osteomas, and epidermoid cysts. The disorder is inherited…
59. Myasthenia Gravis Definition Myasthenia gravis is an acquired autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular function marked by fatigue and exhaustion of the muscular system. Fluctuations in severity of muscular atrophy accompany…
