Rigid tracheostomy tube – Shiley like (Fig. 12.2).

This rigid tracheostomy tube has an inner cannula, and it is especially useful in prolonged and home mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, the adult size of this tracheostomy tube is often used in surgical tracheostomy.

Polyvinyl chloride tracheostomy tube softens at body temperature (thermolabile) (Fig. 12.3).

Most used cannula that conforms itself to patient anatomy and centring the distal tip in the trachea.

Reinforced tracheostomy tube with metallic spiral (Fig. 12.4).

This tracheostomy tube has an adjustable neck flange to allow bedside adjustments to meet patient needs. Because the locking mechanism on the flange tends to deteriorate over time, this tube is easily deployable. The use of these tubes should be considered a temporary solution.

Silicone tracheostomy tube (Fig. 12.5).

This tube is made of soft biocompatible silicone intended to be gentle on sensitive tracheal tissue. When a seal is no longer needed, the cuff can be deflated, and it will rest tight to shaft, reducing the risk of trauma to the trachea and allowing airflow around the tube supporting the ability to speak.

Angled tracheostomy tube (Fig. 12.6)

This tracheostomy tube has a horizontal and a vertical part of different length. This cannula may be safely positioned but fits less with the anatomical shape of the trachea.

Curved tracheostomy tube (Fig. 12.7)

In this tracheostomy tube, the angle formed by the line passing through the horizontal part of the tube that intersects the line passing through the vertical part of the tracheostomy tube has variable curvatures between 88 and 105°. This tube is the most used during percutaneous tracheostomy because it fits well with the stoma.