Hildingsson, C., & Toolanen, G. (1990). Outcome after soft-tissue injury of the cervical spine: A prospective study of 93 car-accident victims. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 61(4), 357–359.PubMed

Hocking, L., Smith, B., Jones, G., Reid, D., Strachan, D., & Macfarlane, G. (2010). Genetic variation in the beta2-adrenergic receptor but not catecholamine-O-methyltransferase predisposes to chronic pain: Results from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study. Pain, 149(1), 143–151.PubMed

Holbrook, T., Galarneau, M., Dye, J., Quinn, K., & Dougherty, A. (2010). Morphine use after combat injury in Iraq and post-traumatic stress disorder. The New England Journal of Medicine, 362(2), 110–117.PubMed

Holm, L., Carroll, L., Cassidy, D., Hogg-Johnson, S., Cote, P., Guzman, J., et al. (2008). The burden and determinants of neck pain in whiplash-associated disorders after traffic collisions. Spine, 33(4S), S52.PubMed

Ichihara, D., Okado, E., Chiba, K., Toyama, Y., Fuijwara, H., & Momoshima, S. (2009). Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study on whiplash injury patients: Minimum 10-year follow-up. Journal of Orthopaedic Science, 14(5), 602–610.PubMed

Ide, M., Ide, J., Yamaga, M., & Takagi, K. (2001). Symptoms and signs of irritation of the brachial plexus in whiplash injuries. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (Br), 83, 226–229.

Jenewein, J., Wittmann, L., Moergeli, H., Creutzig, J., & Schnyder, U. (2009). Mutual influence of PTSD symptoms and chronic pain among injred accident survivors: A longitudinal study. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22(6), 540–548.PubMed

Johansson, B. (2006). Whiplash injuries can be visible by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Pain Research and Management, 11(3), 197–199.PubMed

Joslin, C., Khan, S., & Bannister, G. (2004). Long-term disability after neck injury. A comparative study. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 86(7), 1032–1034.PubMed

Jull, G. (2000). Deep cervical flexor muscle dysfunction in whiplash. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain, 8(1/2), 143–154.

Jull, G., et al. (2002). A randomised controlled trial of physiotherapy management for cervicogenic headache. Spine, 27(17), 1835–1843.

Jull, G., Kristjansson, E., & Dall’Alba, P. (2004). Impairment in the cervical flexors: A comparison of whiplash and insidious onset neck pain patients. Manual Therapy, 9(2), 89–94.PubMed

Jull, G., Sterling, M., Falla, D., Treleaven, J., & O’Leary, S. (2008). Whiplash, headache and neck pain: Research based directions for physical therapies. Edinburgh: Elsevier.

Jull, G., Sterling, M., Kenardy, J., & Beller, E. (2007). Does the presence of sensory hypersensitivity influence outcomes of physical rehabilitation for chronic whiplash? – A preliminary RCT. Pain, 129(2), 28–34.PubMed

Kaale, B., Krakenes, J., Albrektsen, G., & Webster, K. (2005). WAD impairment rating: Neck Disability Index score according to severity of MRI findings of ligements and membranes in the upper cervical spine. Journal of Neurotrauma, 4, 466–475.

Kamper, S., Rebbeck, T., Maher, C., McAuley, J., & Sterling, M. (2008). Course and prognostic factors of whiplash: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain, 138(3), 617–629.PubMed

Kasch, H., Qerama, E., Bach, F., & Jensen, T. (2005). Reduced cold pressor pain tolerance in non-recovered whiplash patients: A 1 year prospective study. European Journal of Pain, 9(5), 561–569.PubMed

Kasch, H., Stengaard-Pedersen, K., Arendt-Nielsen, L., & Staehelin Jensen, T. (2001). Pain thresholds and tenderness in neck and head following acute whiplash injury: A prospective study. Cephalalgia, 21, 189–197.PubMed

Kivioja, J., Jensen, I., & Lindgren, U. (2005). Early coping strategies do not influence the prognosis after whiplash injuries. Injury, 36, 935–940.PubMed

Kivioja, J., Sjalin, M., & Lindgren, U. (2004). Psychiatric morbidity in patients with chronic whiplash associated disorder. Spine, 29(11), 1235–1239.PubMed

Koelbaek-Johansen, M., Graven-Nielsen, T., Schou-Olesen, A., & Arendt-Nielsen, L. (1999). Muscular hyperalgesia and referred pain in chronic whiplash syndrome. Pain, 83, 229–234.PubMed

Kongsted, A., Leboeuf-Yde, C., Korsholm, L., & Bendix, T. (2008a). Are altered smooth pursuit eye movements related to chronic pain and disability following whiplash injuries? A prospective trial with one-year follow-up. Clinical Rehabilitation, 22, 469–479.PubMed

Kongsted, A., Qerama, E., Kasch, H., Bach, F., Korsholm, L., Jensen, T., et al. (2008b). Education of patients after whiplash injury: Is oral advice any better than a pamphlett? Spine, 33(22), E843–E848.PubMed

Krakenes, J., Kaale, B., Moen, G., Nordli, H., Gilhus, N., & Rorvik, J. (2002). MRI assessment of the alar ligaments in the late stage of whiplash injury – a study of structural abnormalities and observer agreement. Neuroradiology, 44(7), 617–624.PubMed

Krakenes, J., Kaale, B., Moen, G., Nordli, H., Gilhus, N., & Rorvik, J. (2003). MRI of the tectorial and posterior atlanto-occipital membranes in the late stage of whiplash injury. Neuroradiology, 44(6), 637–644.

Kuch, K., Cox, B., Evans, R., & Shulman, I. (1994). Phobias, panic and pain in 55 survivors of road vehicle accidents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 8(2), 181–187.

Lindstrom, R., Schomacher, J., Farina, D., Rechter, L., & Falla, D. (2011). Association between neck muscle coactivation, pain, and strength in women with neck pain. Manual Therapy, 16(1), 80–86.PubMed

Lord, S., Barnsley, L., Wallis, B., & Bogduk, N. (1996a). Chronic cervical zygapophysial joint pain after whiplash: A placebo-controlled prevalence study including commentary by Derby R Jr. Spine, 21(15), 1737–1745.PubMed

Lord, S., Barnsley, L., Wallis, B., McDonald, G., & Bogduk, N. (1996b). Percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy for chronic cervical zygapophyseal joint pain. The New England Journal of Medicine, 335(23), 1721–1726.PubMed

MAA. (2007). Guidelines for the management of whiplash associated disorders. Sydney: Motor Accident Authority (NSW). www.​maa.​nsw.​gov.​au.

Macintyre, P., Scott, D., Schug, S., Visser, E., & Walker, S. (2010). Acute pain management: Scientific evidence. Melbourne: ANZVA & FPM.

MAIC. (2002). Whiplash – Review of CTP Queensland data to 31 Dec 2001. Brisbane: MAIC.

MAIC. (2009). Annual report. Brisbane.

Malleson, A. (2002). Whiplash and other useful illnesses. Quebec: McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Martinez-Lavin, M. (2007). Stree, the stress response system, and fibromyalgia. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 9(4), 216–223.

May, S. (2011). Chronic low back pain. In R. J. Moore (Ed.), Handbook of pain and palliative care: Biobehavioral approaches for the life course. New York: Springer.

McLean, S., Clauw, D., Abelson, J., & Liberzon, I. (2005). The development of persistent pain and psychological morbidity after motor vehicle collision: Intergrating the potential rle of stress response systems into a biopsychosocial model. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 783–790.PubMed

McLean, S., Diatchenko, L., Lee, M., Swor, R., Domeier, R., Jones, J., et al. (2011). Catechol O-methyltransferase haplotype predicts immediate musculoskeletal neck pain and psychological symptoms after motor vehicle collision. The Journal of Pain, 12(1), 101–107.PubMed